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2008年的金融危机是21世纪在全球范围内对各国金融市场影响最深远的一次危机，其影响结果一直延续至今。而这一次金融危机起源于美国的次贷危机，之后便席卷全球。这一次危机导致了美国的五大银行纷纷破产，欧洲等发达国家以及中国等发展中国家的金融市场也深受其害，造成了难以估计是的损失。从马克思基本经济原理分析，此次的金融危机发生的根本原因在于资本主义社会制度的种种缺陷以及矛盾。

一、群体逐利将产生不理智的行为

当时美国采取的过于宽松的货币政策，甚至放宽了对于金融机构的监管，这导致了越来越多的金融机构转而进入投资行业。房价的飞速增长，导致一些公司在利益的驱使下推出了一款经过打包、组合后的次级贷款产品，这些公司忽略贷款者的信用资质，还款者一旦没有稳定的收入来源便会放弃还债，于是次贷所引起的房产行业泡沫破裂，最终形成席卷全球的金融危机。

二、资本主义产生的社会不平等性难以消除

资本主义造成的社会资源分配的不均不公从其诞生之初便一直存在。但在金融危机后，社会的不平等性进一步被加剧。金融危机导致了美国产生了自"大萧条"以来的最严重的贫富差距，在美国最富有的1%的家庭却占据了全美40%的财富。如此大的贫富差距也进一步造就了资本主义国家不可调和的阶级矛盾。

市场自由调节的危险性。资本主义推崇社会经济应当由市场自我调节，甚至对于政府的干预嗤之以鼻。但是任由市场自由竞争则会不可避免的产生不合理竞争，强势的资本相互联合，进行行业垄断，打压小资本，导致马太效应。资本鄙夷政府的管控措施，但事实是，每一次经济危机暴发后，都是由政府采取一系列的"救市"行动来填坑补过。

透过这次金融危机可以看出其资本主义的种种弊端，同时也可以得到一些启示。马克思认为，危机和资本主义与生俱来，是一种制度病，基因病。这已经得到了历史的无数次证明。马克思在《资本论》中还写到“一切真正的危机的最根本原因，总无外乎群众的贫困和他们的有限消费，资本主义却不顾这种情况而力图发展生产力，好像社会的绝对消费力才是生产力发展的界限。”而08年的金融危机则生动的上演了这一幕，大量的商品房被剩余，大量的穷人买不起房，却又在低利率的资本骗局下被诱惑去买房，最终导致泡沫破裂，引发危机。我国也应当从中获取经验教训，需要加强对资本市场的监管，不能被虚有的泡沫所吸引，严格限制信贷资金大量的流入房地产行业，加强对于购房者信用资质的核查。

Today's article

The 2008 financial crisis was the most far-reaching global crisis in the 21st century, and its effects have continued to this day. And this time the financial crisis originated from the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States, and then it swept across the world. This time the crisis caused the five major banks in the United States to go bankrupt, and the financial markets of developed countries such as Europe and developing countries such as China were also deeply affected, causing unpredictable losses. Based on the analysis of Marx's basic economic principles, the fundamental reason for this financial crisis lies in the various defects and contradictions of the capitalist social system.

1. The group's pursuit of profit will produce irrational behavior

At that time, the United States adopted an overly loose monetary policy and even relaxed the supervision of financial institutions, which led to more and more financial institutions turning into the investment industry. The rapid growth of housing prices has led some companies to launch a packaged and combined subprime loan product driven by interests. These companies ignore the credit qualifications of the lender, and the repayer will give up repaying the debt if they do not have a stable source of income. , So the real estate industry bubble caused by subprime mortgages burst, and finally formed a financial crisis sweeping the world.

2. The social inequality generated by capitalism is difficult to eliminate

The unequal distribution of social resources caused by capitalism has always existed since its birth. But after the financial crisis, social inequality has been further intensified. The financial crisis led to the worst gap between the rich and the poor in the United States since the Great Depression. In the United States, the richest 1% of households accounted for 40% of the nation’s wealth. Such a large gap between rich and poor has further created irreconcilable class contradictions in capitalist countries.

The danger of free market regulation. Capitalism advocates that the social economy should be self-regulated by the market, and even scorns government intervention. However, allowing free competition in the market will inevitably produce unreasonable competition, and strong capital will unite with each other to monopolize the industry and suppress small capital, leading to the Matthew effect. Capital despise the government's control measures, but the fact is that after every economic crisis broke out, the government took a series of "rescue the market" actions to fill in the hole.

Through this financial crisis, we can see the shortcomings of its capitalism, and at the same time we can get some enlightenment. Marx believes that crisis and capitalism are born with an institutional disease, a genetic disease. This has been proven countless times in history. Marx also wrote in "Das Kapital" that "the most fundamental cause of all real crises is nothing more than the poverty of the masses and their limited consumption. However, capitalism ignores this situation and strives to develop productive forces, just like the absolute consumption of society. Power is the limit for the development of productivity.” The 2008 financial crisis vividly staged this scene. A large number of commercial houses were surplus, and a large number of poor people could not afford to buy houses. However, they were tempted to buy houses under the capital scam of low interest rates. , Which eventually led to the bursting of the bubble and triggering a crisis. my country should also learn from the experience and lessons. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of the capital market, not to be attracted by imaginary bubbles, strictly restrict the inflow of large amounts of credit funds into the real estate industry, and strengthen the verification of the credit qualifications of home buyers.

翻译来源——Google翻译

参考资料：百度百科、知乎

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